The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, has received increased attention due to their role in waste management. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) extraordinary ability to grow, develop and consume different organic substrates efficiently is achieved through the presence of specialized mouthparts, in combination with the action of diverse digestive enzymes from the salivary glands and gut. The focus of this study is to characterize the composition and biochemical properties of the salivary glands (SG), gut and fat tissue (FT) of black soldier fly larvae using a proteomic approach. The proteomic profile revealed enzymes involved in digestion, metabolism and toxin detoxification, which were detected in both salivary gland and gut extracts. Hydrolases, including amylases, lipases, and trypsin-like proteases were accumulated in the salivary glands. Immune-response enzymes, including phenoloxidases and esterases were accumulated mostly in the FT, with some antimicrobial peptides were detected in both SG and FT. Better understanding of the salivary gland proteome and its regulation will provide insights into potential effector proteins and their role in the breakdown and degradation of organic waste, and it will enable us to engineer changes towards more diversified food substrates.